Collaborative efforts to solve the Philippines’ housing crisis

Millions of people around the world live their lives in search of a place they can call home. After all, access to adequate shelter remains a challenge, particularly in areas affected by natural disasters, conflict, or rapid urban growth.

Homelessness charity Depaul International estimates 4.5 million people are experiencing homelessness in the Philippines, and about two-thirds of this number are in Metro Manila.

To combat this, both government initiatives and the efforts of private organizations and nongovernment organizations are addressing the housing crisis, which often becomes magnified during times of peril and uncertainty.

The main housing program of the administration of President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. is the Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino (4PH) Program, which aims to build 6.5 million housing units through government-led housing initiatives and address the country’s current housing backlog by building one million housing units yearly until 2028.

Established under Executive Order No. 34, s. 2023, the government’s flagship program was conceptualized to address the country’s current housing needs and features an innovative framework that has eased the burden brought by two major bottlenecks in the housing sector: affordability and access to funds.

Headed by the Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD), the latest news on the project includes the launch of a website dedicated solely to the endeavor, offering information and services related to the government’s flagship program. Additionally, it has been reported that a total of 42 private developers have committed to deliver 251,846 socialized housing units under the administration.

In the same way, the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) has also helped the cause in recent years. Together with Gawad Kalinga, the NGCP turned over a housing project in 2020 to the City Government of Valenzuela, which cost over P82 million, and comprised of 22 three-storey low-rise buildings with 792 units.

As the power grid operator, the NGCP worked with the City of Valenzuela to relocate residents previously living within the transmission right-of-way corridor to prevent any accidents from happening due to their proximity to the high-voltage power lines. The housing project is located in Disiplina Village, Lingunan, Valenzuela City, and is a joint in-city housing project for informal settler families.

Several developers have also given back to communities through their corporate social responsibility. Among the big names providing housing assistance is the real estate arm of the Lucio Tan Group, Eton Properties, which has provided safe, dignified housing for underserved communities in Nueva Vizcaya, in partnership with the Tan Yan Kee Foundation.

Named the Eton Bahay Liwanag Project, the developer recently turned over four newly built homes in the area to carefully selected families based on their circumstances and resilience despite difficult living conditions in the hinterlands of Nueva Vizcaya.

Launched in 2019, the Eton Bahay Liwanag Project has completed 12 homes in the province to date.

Similarly, DMCI Homes has been actively supporting social housing initiatives in partnership with Habitat for Humanity Philippines and local governments through its Kaakbay sa Pamayanan program.

The company’s efforts include a P4-million donation to help construct homes for poor families and teachers in the Bistekville I project in Quezon City, as well as sponsorship of 92 homes at a relocation site for informal settlers in Parañaque. Volunteers from DMCI Homes also contribute directly by painting and maintaining these houses, helping to provide safe, affordable shelter for disadvantaged communities.

Nongovernment organizations (NGOs) have also done their part in building homes for Filipinos. For example, Habitat for Humanity Philippines brings people together to build homes, communities, and hope, “seeking to put God’s love into action.”

In 2019, Habitat for Humanity joined forces with the Hilti Foundation to expand the use of disaster-resilient Cement Bamboo Frame Technology and help close the housing gap in Negros Occidental. Named the Negros Occidental Impact 2025 (NOI25), the initiative seeks to create sustainable communities where homes are safe, green, resilient to disasters, and supportive of families’ long-term security and well-being. Six years later, the NGO has built over 400 disaster-resilient homes and helped families live in sustainable communities.

Likewise, the Manny Pacquiao Foundation, named and founded on behalf of boxing legend Manny D. Pacquiao, has programs aimed at creating lasting change for communities and inspiring people to make a tangible difference in the world. Among the group’s programs is a housing project that has already constructed 300 homes in three locations for hundreds of families in need.

Addressing the housing crisis in the Philippines requires the combined efforts of government programs, private developers, and NGOs working to provide safe, affordable, and resilient homes. Through these partnerships, more families can gain the shelter that they need to thrive.

Source: Business World

Countries With The Best Health Care Systems, 2025

A World in Search of Resilient Healthcare: For CEOs, policymakers, and investors, healthcare is no longer just a public good — it is a core pillar of national competitiveness, economic stability, and human capital development. The 2025 CEOWORLD Health Care Index ranks 110 countries, offering a rare, data-rich lens into how nations are investing in healthcare infrastructure, medical talent, and government readiness.

At the top of this year’s index is Taiwan, widely recognized for its high-performing system that balances efficiency, affordability, and accessibility. With a composite score of 78.72 out of 100, Taiwan sets the global benchmark.

Asia’s Strategic Edge: Taiwan and South Korea Dominate

Asia’s rise in healthcare leadership is no accident. Taiwan and South Korea, ranked #1 and #2 globally, have built future-ready healthcare ecosystems designed for resilience.

Taiwan’s Model: A single-payer system that ensures universal access while integrating cutting-edge digital tools, including national health insurance smart cards and AI-powered health data systems.

South Korea’s Strength: A robust combination of advanced medical infrastructure, high doctor-to-patient ratios, and government-led health technology initiatives.

Both countries demonstrate that long-term investment in digital infrastructure and preventive care pays dividends not only in outcomes but also in economic efficiency.

The Philippines placed 87^th out of 110 countries, scoring 32.55 out of 100.

The index measures the healthcare resilience of a country based on five variables: healthcare infrastructure, medical professionals, medicine availability and cost, government readiness, and environment and lifestyle factors.

Source: Business World

Why the psychology of ‘utang’ matters for the economy

Debt or “utang” is not just a financial tool anymore. It is the lifeline that keeps many Filipino families afloat. With consumer spending making up about 70 percent of the economy, every peso that is spent keeps the economy moving.

When households keep buying, businesses do well but when they cut back, growth slows down. The tougher reality is that a lot of this spending is sustained by utang, drawn from savings, credit cards or loans simply to keep everyday life moving.

Behavioral finance explains that this behavior is rooted in a concept called present bias, which is the tendency to put more weight on immediate rewards than on future costs.

In the late 1990s, psychologists David Laibson of Harvard University and Ted O’Donoghue of Cornell University published an influential study that revealed how people often choose short-term satisfaction, such as spending or borrowing today, even when it leads to bigger problems later.

This bias explains why households continue to spend, even when incomes fall short, interest rates rise or debt levels grow. The pleasure of maintaining a lifestyle today feels more tangible than the burden of repaying loans tomorrow.

Extension of income

Combined with easy access to credit cards, installment plans and digital lending apps, present bias makes utang feel less like a burden and more like a convenient extension of income.

Recent data on the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) highlight this behavior. Before the pandemic, Filipino households typically spent 58.6 percent of their income in the first quarter, then pulled back midyear, before a sharp surge to nearly 70 percent during the Christmas season. Spending followed a familiar rhythm: spend, save, then splurge at year-end.

Since 2022, however, the pattern has changed dramatically. The first quarter spending rate has dropped to 54.4 percent, while the second and third quarters turned negative at -16 percent and -141.2 percent, respectively.

This means households are not only cutting back but also financing spending by dipping into savings or accumulating debt. Even the usual year-end rebound is weaker, with spending in the fourth quarter at just 61 percent, below prepandemic highs.

A negative MPC is a red flag. It signals that many households are keeping up their spending not with income, but with credit. This is present bias at work. Rather than cutting back, families choose to borrow so they can maintain the same lifestyle, even if it means pushing the real cost further into the future.

When incomes stagnate…

There is only so much households can borrow to keep spending at the same pace. Families stretch themselves to maintain their lifestyles, even when incomes stagnate and inflation eats into budgets. When borrowing fills the gap, the economy may still look steady but once the financial pressure builds, momentum may eventually weaken.

This slowdown is already showing in the data. In the first quarter of 2024, household spending grew by 8.3 percent compared to 2023, but in the first quarter of 2025 the pace slowed to 7.7 percent.

The second quarter tells the same story. Spending grew by 8.9 percent in 2024, but slipped to 6.8 percent in 2025. Taken together, total household spending in the first half of 2025 grew by 7.2 percent, down from 8.6 percent in the same period of 2024. The trend is clear. Growth is losing steam, and with much of consumption propped up by debt, the risks of a sharper slowdown ahead are rising.

Why does borrowing feel so normal? Because it has become part of everyday life. Taking on debt is seen as a practical choice. Credit cards, “buy now, pay later” apps and installment plans make it easy, while social pressures make it hard to say no.

Present bias then blinds households to the consequences. A family that borrows P20,000 at 3-percent monthly interest may end up repaying almost P30,000 in a year.

That money could have gone into savings or investments, but instead it locks them into repayment cycles.

Break the bad cycle

Breaking free from the psychology of utang takes both awareness and discipline.

Families need to recognize that spending habits are not just cultural but also behavioral.

One way to break the cycle is to reframe the question. Instead of asking, “Can I afford the monthly payment?” ask, “What will this really cost me a year from now?” That small shift can turn the focus from short-term comfort to long-term impact.

Debt can keep the economy afloat for a while, but over time it leaves households and businesses weaker. Real resilience comes when families move away from utang-driven spending and focus instead on saving and sustainable consumption.

In the end, stability doesn’t come from borrowing just to look secure, but from building financial strength that lasts.

Source: Inquirer